# Accumulation-manipulation-distribution Also known as: AMD, Power of Three, PO3. A Smart Money Concepts / ICT concept (Displacement & delivery) in the LuxAlgo Library, with 3 indicator implementations. ## What is Accumulation-manipulation-distribution? Accumulation–manipulation–distribution (AMD), or in ICT vocabulary the Power of Three (PO3), is a template for how a trading period unfolds around its open. First accumulation: price consolidates in a range at or near the opening price while positions build. Then manipulation: a false move breaks out on the wrong side of the open (the [Judas swing](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/judas-swing/)), collecting stops and trapping breakout traders. Finally distribution: the real leg expands away from the manipulation extreme, and the period closes near the opposite end of its range. The template is anchored to an opening price and is fractal. On a finished daily candle the anatomy is easy to see in hindsight (a bullish PO3 day opens near its low, wicks below the open, and closes near its high), and the same read applies to a week anchored to Monday's open or to a single session. It is descriptive, not mechanical: plenty of periods trend from the open with no manipulation leg at all, so most traders use PO3 to frame what could happen around [period opens](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/period-opens/) rather than as a standalone signal. ## How to identify an AMD sequence The pattern only exists relative to an opening price, so identification starts with the anchor rather than the shape. 1. Anchor the open. Choose the period you are framing and mark its opening price: commonly the midnight New York open for the day, Monday's open for the week, or a session open for intraday work. 2. Watch for accumulation: a comparatively tight consolidation straddling or hugging the open, without sustained follow-through in either direction. 3. Mark the manipulation: an impulsive run beyond one side of that consolidation that takes out obvious resting liquidity (prior session extremes, equal highs or lows) and then stalls rather than trending on. 4. Confirm distribution: [displacement](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/displacement/) back through the open and an expansion that holds into the close. Until that leg forms, a suspected manipulation is indistinguishable from a genuine breakout. The third phase is what validates the second. ## How traders use it - As a daily bias tool: traders expecting a bullish day watch for early weakness below the opening price into [sell-side liquidity](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/sell-side-liquidity/), and treat the reclaim of the open as the first evidence that manipulation has finished and distribution is beginning. - As a session map, one common intraday reading assigns the phases to sessions: Asia accumulates, the London open manipulates, and London into New York distributes, with [killzones](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/killzones/) supplying the timing windows for each phase. - As entry timing: rather than buying inside the accumulation range, PO3 traders wait for the manipulation sweep and the displacement back through the range, then join the distribution leg on a retracement. - Fractally, a weekly PO3 anchored to Monday's open frames which day is likely to print the week's manipulation low or high, nesting the daily template inside the weekly one. ## AMD vs. related concepts - **Judas Swing** (https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/judas-swing/): The Judas swing is the manipulation phase in isolation: the false early run beyond the open. AMD is the full three-act template that places that swing between an accumulation range and a distribution leg. - **Wyckoff Accumulation Schematic** (https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/wyckoff-accumulation-schematic/): Wyckoff accumulation is a campaign-scale schematic with named internal events (springs, tests, signs of strength), usually spanning weeks. AMD compresses a similar range–shakeout–markup logic into a single open-anchored period and carries no volume methodology. - **Market Maker Models** (https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/market-maker-models/): Market maker buy and sell models describe a symmetrical curve: in the buy model, delivery down through consolidations to an accumulation low, then delivery back up through the same levels, with the sell model as its mirror. PO3 is the simpler asymmetric read: one open, one false move, one true move. ## FAQ ### What is the Power of Three (PO3) in ICT trading? Power of Three is ICT's name for the accumulation–manipulation–distribution sequence: a period consolidates around its opening price, runs stops on the wrong side of the open, then expands in its true direction into the close. AMD and PO3 describe the same template, and it is applied fractally: to sessions, days, weeks, and to the anatomy of a single candle. ### Is AMD the same thing as the Judas swing? They overlap but are not identical. The Judas swing names only the manipulation leg: the false early move beyond the open. AMD, or Power of Three, is the full sequence containing it: accumulation before, manipulation during, distribution after. Calling a move a Judas swing implicitly claims you are in the middle phase of an AMD template. ### Does every trading day follow accumulation, manipulation, distribution? No. Strong trend days often open and expand immediately with no dip beyond the open, and news can invert the template mid-sequence. PO3 fits some periods cleanly and others not at all, which is why most traders require a confirmed reversal (displacement back through the open, not mere proximity to it) before treating early movement as the manipulation phase. ## Implementations in the Library - AMD FVG Trade Setup (LuxAlgo): https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/amd-fvg-trade-setup/ - HTF PO3 (LuxAlgo): https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/htf-po3/ - Ultimate AMD Indicator (LuxAlgo): https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/ultimate-amd-indicator/ ## Related concepts - Change in State of Delivery: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/change-in-state-of-delivery/ - IPDA & Price Delivery Theory: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/ipda-and-price-delivery-theory/ - Displacement: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/displacement/ - Institutional Order Flow: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/institutional-order-flow/ - Market Maker Models: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/market-maker-models/ - Smart Money Technique Divergence: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/smart-money-technique-divergence/ - Smart Money Reversal: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/smart-money-reversal/ --- Source: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/accumulation-manipulation-distribution/ (LuxAlgo Library, the encyclopedia of trading & technical analysis). Free to use with attribution: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/license/