# Excess

Excess is an indicator on [Vela](https://vela.luxalgo.com/chart), our next-generation charting platform, written in Pine Script®.

Builds a TPO count map for each completed profile session (daily by default, from 30-minute TPO periods across 25 rows) and marks excess wherever at least 2 consecutive single-print rows tail off a session extreme. Confirmed tails extend right as support and resistance references until price trades through them, a forming tail shows live, and four alerts track formation and breaks.

- Indicator in the LuxAlgo Library, by LuxAlgo, published May 8, 2026.
- Access: free.
- Concepts: [Excess](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/excess/) (primary), [Auction Market Theory](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/auction-market-theory/)
- Open on Vela: https://vela.luxalgo.com/chart?pineScriptCodeId=d6qgusx21fn9k5zc09juwobp
- Page: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/excess/

**Excess** extracts the rejected auction extremes that Market Profile treats as its most dependable references, straight from a TPO count. Each completed profile session is split into rows, TPOs are counted per row, and a run of consecutive single-print rows at the session high or low that meets the minimum qualifies as [excess](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/concept/excess/), drawn as a shaded tail zone with a label at the extreme. With extension on, every confirmed tail projects right as a working reference until initiative activity trades through it.

## How to Trade the Excess?

- **Excess high / excess low**: a qualifying tail records decisive rejection, and the extreme carrying it is expected to hold on retest: resistance above, support below.
- **Reference break**: price trading through a stored extreme, by close or wick per the break basis, retires the reference and fires the matching alert.
- **Developing excess**: the dashed forming tail on the live session is provisional; prices revisited before the session completes stop being single prints.

Excess reads naturally alongside the library's other [auction and profile tools](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/family/volume-orderflow/).

## Excess Settings

- **Profile Session** (default D): timeframe of the distribution inspected; the chart timeframe must be lower.
- **TPO Period** (default 30): duration of one TPO, the classic Market Profile convention.
- **Profile Rows** (default 25): rows the session range is divided into when counting TPOs.
- **Minimum Tail Rows** (default 2): consecutive single-print rows required at an extreme, the classic teaching threshold, since a one-period extreme may simply be the session's last print.
- **Reference Break Basis** (default Close): require a settle beyond the extreme, or any excursion with Wick.
- **Extend References Until Broken**, **Show Developing Excess** and **Show Labels** (all on).

## Frequently Asked Questions

### How does Excess relate to a Poor High/Poor Low?

They are opposites. A [Poor High/Poor Low](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/poor-high-poor-low/) is an extreme without a tail (an unfinished auction that tends to be revisited), while excess is the finished one, rejected decisively and expected to hold.

### Why must the chart timeframe be lower than the session?

The TPO map is assembled from chart bars grouped into TPO periods, so the chart has to resolve finer than the session it profiles. When it does not, a warning replaces the zones.

### Does the forming tail repaint?

Deliberately, yes. It is provisional until the session completes. Confirmed tails drawn at session close never change shape; only their right edge extends and their break state updates.

## Related indicators

- [TPO Profile](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/tpo-profile/) (Auction Market Theory): markdown at https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/tpo-profile.md
- [Balance vs Imbalance](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/balance-vs-imbalance/) (Auction Market Theory): markdown at https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/balance-vs-imbalance.md
- [Initial Balance Breakout Signals](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/initial-balance-breakout-signals/) (Initial Balance): markdown at https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/initial-balance-breakout-signals.md
- [Profile Shape Taxonomy](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/profile-shape-taxonomy/) (Auction Market Theory): markdown at https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/profile-shape-taxonomy.md
- [80% Rule](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/80-percent-rule/) (Volume & Order Flow): markdown at https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/80-percent-rule.md
- [Auction Failure](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/auction-failure/) (Volume & Order Flow): markdown at https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/auction-failure.md
- [Value Migration](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/value-migration/) (Volume & Order Flow): markdown at https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/value-migration.md
- [One-timeframing](https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/one-timeframing/) (Volume & Order Flow): markdown at https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/one-timeframing.md

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Source: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/indicator/excess/ (LuxAlgo Library). Free to use with attribution: https://www.luxalgo.com/library/license/